@ARTICLE{Freund2012Costs,
  author = {Daniel Freund and Marco L"{u}tzenberger and Sahin Albayrak},
  title = {Costs and Gains of Smart Charging Electric Vehicles to Provide Regulation
	Services},
  journal = {Procedia Computer Science},
  year = {2012},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {846--853},
  number = {0},
  month = {August},
  abstract = {With increasing liberalization in the electricity market and the expansion
	of distributed and renewable power generation in Europe, transmission
	and distribution, as well as market processes related to the allocation
	of energy, are undergoing an evolutionary development to accomplish
	efficiency and reliability in the presence of fluctuating energy
	availability and new technical and regulatory requirements. The paper
	at hand investigates from a business point of view the introduction
	of smart charging electric vehicles to enhance the reliability of
	the future electricity grid. A structured analysis of respective
	parameters is performed for business cases in existing short term
	energy markets. Market-based and regulatory concerns are considered
	to outline a scenario where an aggregator controls charging and/or
	discharging of electric vehicles and provides ancillary grid services.
	To extend the analysis further, a simulation based evaluation is
	implemented by means of an agent-based traffic simulation framework.},
  doi = {10.1016/j.procs.2012.06.110},
  owner = {luetze},
  timestamp = {2012.04.24}
}